Types of Mesothelioma Cancer

Mesothelioma cancer encompasses several types, each originating in different areas of the body’s mesothelium. Understanding the specific types can aid in early detection and tailored treatment plans. Let’s explore the various forms of mesothelioma in a concise list:

1. Pleural Mesothelioma:
   • Originates in the pleura, the lining around the lungs.
   • Most common type, accounting for about 70-80% of all mesothelioma cases.
   • The main symptoms include chest pain, persistent cough, and difficulty breathing.
2. Peritoneal Mesothelioma:
   • Develops in the peritoneum, the lining of the abdomen.
   • Second most prevalent type, making up approximately 20-25% of mesothelioma cases.
   • Common symptoms include abdominal pain, swelling, and digestive issues.
3. Pericardial Mesothelioma:
   • A rare form affecting the pericardium, the lining surrounding the heart.
   • Represents less than 1% of all mesothelioma cases.
   • Symptoms may include chest pain, heart palpitations, and difficulty breathing.
4. Testicular Mesothelioma:
   • Extremely rare and originates in the tunica vaginalis, the lining around the testicles.
   • Difficult to diagnose due to its scarcity and often found incidentally during surgeries.
   • Treatment may involve surgery and other targeted approaches.
5. Biphasic Mesothelioma:
   • A mixed type containing both epithelioid and sarcomatoid cells.
   • Diagnosis and treatment depend on the dominant cell type.
6. Epithelioid Mesothelioma:
   • The most common cell type found in all forms of mesothelioma.
   • Tends to respond better to treatment compared to other cell types.
7. Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma:
   • A less common cell type is associated with aggressive tumor growth.
   • Often more challenging to treat effectively.
8. Desmoplastic Mesothelioma:
   • A subtype characterized by dense fibrous tissue formation.
   • May be misdiagnosed due to its rarity and similarity to other conditions.
9. Localized vs. Advanced Mesothelioma:
   • Mesothelioma can be categorized as localized (confined to the point of origin) or advanced (spread to distant areas).
   • Staging helps determine the extent of the cancer and the appropriate treatment approach.
10. Histologic Subtypes:

• Some mesothelioma types are further classified based on their histology, helping determine treatment options and prognosis.